Diagnosis of Canine Urolithiasis

Canine urolithiasis is a painful disease that occurs due to the presence of excessive amounts of crystals in the urinary tract.  Urolithiasis is known by various names, with the inclusion of bladder stones, cystitis, kidney stones, or urethritis. 

Bladder stones or crystals can form in any part of the canine urinary tract.  As the stones irritate the lining of the urinary tract, they become painful; often causing changes in the lining and formation of blood in the urine.  If the stones cause a blockage, known as a urethral obstruction it may become excruciating or impossible for a dog to urinate. 

Bladders stones most commonly found in dogs include Calcium Oxalate, Struvite, and Urate.  A veterinarian can pursue diagnostic measures to determine the presence and type of stones.  When a diagnosis has been reached, the veterinarian can take steps to put a treatment plan into action.

Treatment options will be dependent upon the number and type of bladder stones.  Recommended measures of treatment may include dietary changes to dissolve the stones, antibiotics to treat infection, or in some cases surgery may be the only course of action available.